On December 29, 2023, the "Company Law of the People's Republic of China" was revised and adopted by the Seventh Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fourteenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China, and will be implemented on July 1, 2024. Since its promulgation in 1993, China's "Company Law" has undergone two major revisions and four amendments. The 2023 revision is the second major revision. The current 2018 "Company Law" has a total of 218 articles. The revised "Company Law" deletes 16 articles and adds and modifies 228 articles, for a total of 266 articles. This revision is the largest in history and will have a significant impact on all companies in China, as well as the company's shareholders. This article analyzes the impact and countermeasures of the newly revised "Company Law" in 2023 on the company's shareholders from the perspective of the company's shareholders. (Unless otherwise specified, the companies mentioned in this article refer to limited liability companies and joint stock limited companies.)

 

1. Shareholders of limited liability companies cannot avoid the new regulation that the subscribed capital contribution must be paid up within five years from the date of establishment of the company.

 

Article 47, paragraph 1 of the "Company Law" revised in 2023 stipulates: "The registered capital of a limited liability company is the amount of capital contribution subscribed by all shareholders registered with the company registration authority. The capital contribution subscribed by all shareholders shall be fully paid within five years from the date of the company's establishment, as stipulated in the company's articles of association." Article 266 stipulates: "This Law shall come into force on July 1, 2024. For companies registered and established before the implementation of this Law, if the capital contribution period exceeds the period stipulated herein, it shall be gradually adjusted to comply with this Law, unless otherwise stipulated by laws, administrative regulations, or the State Council. For companies with obviously abnormal capital contribution periods or amounts, the company registration authority may require timely adjustments in accordance with the law. Specific implementation measures shall be stipulated by the State Council." These regulations imply that after the "Company Law" comes into effect on July 1, 2024, the subscribed capital contribution of shareholders in all limited liability companies in China must be fully paid within five years.

 

In the face of the new regulations, shareholders of limited liability companies can consider whether to make actual contributions, or whether to reduce capital, or whether to cancel, or whether to transfer equity, according to the actual situation of the company, capital needs, capital preparation plans, and business plans. For limited liability companies with a high registered capital amount but have never made actual contributions, capital reduction or cancellation can be considered; for limited liability companies with a moderate registered capital amount and have also made partial contributions, phased actual contributions or capital reduction can be considered; for limited liability companies with a low registered capital amount but the company is developing and rising, a one-time actual contribution can be considered; for shell limited liability companies that have not been operating for a long time, direct cancellation can be considered.

 

It is important to note that shareholders of limited liability companies should pay attention to compliant capital reduction, otherwise, if the capital reduction procedure is illegal, the shareholders will bear supplementary compensation and other legal liabilities for the part of the company's debts that cannot be paid within the amount of the company's capital reduction. Capital reduction must follow strict procedures and must not be illegally reduced: 1. The board of directors or directors shall formulate a company capital reduction plan; 2. The company shall reduce its registered capital, and a shareholders' meeting must be held to be passed by shareholders representing more than two-thirds of the voting rights, or the shareholders of a limited liability company with one shareholder shall make a decision in writing; 3. It is necessary to prepare a balance sheet and a list of assets to clearly know the list and amount of creditors, and notify and announce them in writing one by one to inform the capital reduction plan; 4. Settle debts or provide guarantees according to the requirements of creditors to meet the legal rights of creditors; 5. Go through industrial and commercial change registration procedures.

 

2. Shareholders of limited liability companies may be required by the company to pay capital contributions in advance.

 

Article 54 of the "Company Law" revised in 2023 stipulates that: "If a company cannot pay off its due debts, the company or the creditor of the due debt has the right to require the shareholders who have subscribed for capital but have not reached the capital contribution period to pay the capital contribution in advance." The premise for shareholders to make capital contributions in advance is that the company cannot pay off its due debts, and the subject who makes the request is the company or the creditor of the due debt. This newly added regulation strengthens the protection of creditors, especially in the enforcement procedure, the creditor has one more guarantee.

 

3. The shareholders' meeting of a limited liability company shall pass a resolution on general matters by more than half of the shareholders with voting rights.

 

Article 66, paragraph 2 of the "Company Law" revised in 2023 stipulates that: "A resolution of the shareholders' meeting shall be passed by shareholders representing more than half of the voting rights." This is a newly added regulation. The "Company Law" before the revision did not legislate to stipulate the voting pass ratio for general resolution matters of the shareholders' meeting. The expression of one-half often includes the number itself, while more than half clearly does not include the number itself. This newly added regulation must be added and modified to the company's articles of association, and the shareholders' meeting resolution must also comply with this voting pass ratio.

 

4. Shareholders of a limited liability company no longer need the consent of other shareholders to transfer equity to outsiders.

 

Article 84, paragraph 2 of the "Company Law" revised in 2023 stipulates that: "If a shareholder transfers equity to a person other than a shareholder, the shareholder shall notify other shareholders in writing of the quantity, price, payment method, and time limit of the equity transfer, and other shareholders have the right of first refusal under the same conditions." This provision deletes the provision that shareholders need the consent of other shareholders when transferring equity to outsiders, which means that the conditions for shareholders to transfer equity to outsiders are looser.

 

5. Shareholders of a limited liability company will be able to entrust intermediary agencies such as law firms to consult and copy the register of shareholders, and the register of shareholders shall also record the method and date of capital contribution subscribed and actually paid by the shareholders, as well as the date of obtaining and losing shareholder qualifications.

 

Article 56 of the "Company Law" revised in 2023 stipulates that: "A limited liability company shall prepare a register of shareholders, which shall record the following matters: (1) the name or title and domicile of the shareholders; (2) the amount of capital contribution subscribed and actually paid by the shareholders, the method of capital contribution, and the date of capital contribution; (3) the certificate number of the capital contribution certificate; (4) the date of obtaining and losing shareholder qualifications." Article 57, paragraph 1 stipulates that: "Shareholders have the right to consult and copy the company's articles of association, the register of shareholders, the minutes of the shareholders' meeting, the resolutions of the board of directors, the resolutions of the board of supervisors, and the financial accounting reports." Paragraph 3 stipulates that: "Shareholders may entrust intermediary agencies such as accounting firms and law firms to consult the materials stipulated in the preceding paragraph." Before the revision of the "Company Law", shareholders of limited liability companies were not allowed to consult and copy the register of shareholders, and the content recorded in the register of shareholders did not include the method and date of capital contribution subscribed and actually paid by the shareholders, as well as the date of obtaining and losing shareholder qualifications. The revised "Company Law" grants shareholders this right.

 

6. Shareholders of a limited liability company who transfer equity shall notify the company in writing to change the register of shareholders and change the industrial and commercial registration. The company has the obligation to make the change. If the company refuses, the transferor and transferee of the equity can file a lawsuit against the company.

 

Article 86 of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "If a shareholder transfers equity, the company shall be notified in writing to request a change in the register of shareholders; if a change of registration is required, the company shall be requested to go through the change of registration with the company registration authority. If the company refuses or fails to reply within a reasonable period, the transferor and the transferee may file a lawsuit in the people's court in accordance with the law. In the case of equity transfer, the transferee may claim to the company to exercise shareholder rights from the time it is recorded in the register of shareholders.". This is a new regulation. The "Company Law" gives the company the obligation to change. The equity transferor shall notify the company in writing of the change. It is clarified that if the company refuses, the equity transferor and the transferee may file a lawsuit against the company, clarifying the time node for the equity transferee to exercise shareholder rights.

 

7. After a shareholder of a limited liability company transfers the equity that has not yet expired, the transferee shall bear the obligation of capital contribution, and the transferor shall bear the supplementary responsibility, or even the transferor and the transferee shall bear joint and several liability when the capital contribution is insufficient.

 

Article 88 of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "If a shareholder transfers equity for which the subscribed capital contribution has not yet reached the contribution period, the transferee shall bear the obligation to pay the capital contribution; if the transferee fails to pay the capital contribution in full on time, the transferor shall bear supplementary responsibility for the transferee's failure to pay the capital contribution on time. If a shareholder who fails to pay capital contributions by the date of contribution stipulated in the company's articles of association or the actual value of the non-monetary property contributed as capital is significantly lower than the amount of capital contribution subscribed, the transferor and the transferee shall be jointly and severally liable within the scope of the insufficient capital contribution; if the transferee does not know and should not have known of the existence of the above circumstances, the transferor shall be liable.", according to this provision, the obligation of shareholders to pay capital contributions cannot be avoided after the transfer.

 

8. The capital contribution method for shareholders of joint-stock limited companies also adopts a paid-in system.

 

Article 98, paragraph 1, of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "The promoters shall pay the full amount of share capital subscribed by them before the establishment of the company."

 

9. The transfer of shares by shareholders of a joint-stock limited company may be restricted by the company's articles of association.

 

Article 157 of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "The shares held by shareholders of a joint-stock limited company may be transferred to other shareholders or to persons other than shareholders; if the company's articles of association restrict the transfer of shares, the transfer shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association.", which means that the articles of association of a joint-stock limited company may restrict the transfer of shares to the outside world, and it can be seen that the design of the terms of the articles of association of the company needs to be more rigorous. This is also the content that a joint-stock limited company must consider when revising its articles of association.

 

10. The exclusion period for the right of revocation of a company shareholder who has not been notified to attend a shareholders' meeting shall not exceed one year at most.

 

Article 26, paragraph 2, of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "A shareholder who has not been notified to attend a shareholders' meeting may request the people's court to revoke the resolution within sixty days from the date on which he knows or should have known that the shareholders' meeting resolution was made; if the right of revocation is not exercised within one year from the date on which the resolution was made, the right of revocation shall be extinguished."

 

The pre-revision "Company Law" stipulated that the exclusion period for shareholders to apply for revocation of a company resolution was sixty days, and it was calculated from the date on which the company resolution was made. The revised "Company Law" in 2023 provides more favorable protection for shareholders who have not been notified to attend shareholders' meetings, stipulating that the exclusion period for applying for revocation of a company resolution is sixty days from the date on which the shareholder "knows or should have known" that the shareholders' meeting resolution was made, but not more than one year from the date on which the company resolution was made; while the exclusion period for the right of revocation of other shareholders is still sixty days from the date on which the company resolution was made.

 

11. The shareholders at the time of establishment of a limited liability company and the promoters of a joint-stock limited company may establish a company with one shareholder, and at the same time, they shall bear the legal consequences and legal responsibilities for the acts performed to establish the company.

 

Article 42 of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "A limited liability company shall be established with investment from one or more but not more than fifty shareholders.", Article 44 stipulates: "The shareholders at the time of establishment of a limited liability company shall bear the legal consequences of the civil activities engaged in for the establishment of the company. If the company is not established, the shareholders at the time of establishment shall bear the legal consequences; if there are two or more shareholders at the time of establishment, they shall enjoy joint and several claims and bear joint and several debts. The third party shall have the right to choose to request the company or the shareholders at the time of establishment to bear the civil liability arising from the civil activities carried out by the shareholders at the time of establishment in their own name for the establishment of the company. If the shareholders at the time of establishment cause damage to others due to the performance of their duties in establishing the company, the company or the shareholders without fault shall be liable for compensation, and may recover from the shareholders at fault."

 

Article 92 of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "To establish a joint-stock limited company, there shall be one or more but not more than two hundred promoters, of which more than half of the promoters shall have domicile within the territory of the People's Republic of China.", Article 107 stipulates: "The provisions of Articles 44, Paragraph 3 of Article 49, Article 51, Article 52, and Article 53 of this Law shall apply to joint-stock limited companies."

 

The above provisions adjust that a company with one shareholder can be in the form of a limited liability company or a joint-stock limited company; strengthen the sense of responsibility of shareholders and promoters at the time of establishment, and the establishment behavior should not be arbitrary.

 

12. Company shareholders will use equity and creditor's rights as capital contributions to solve the problem of paid-in registered capital.

 

Article 48, paragraph 1, of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "Shareholders may make capital contributions in currency, or in non-monetary property that can be valued in currency and can be legally transferred, such as physical objects, intellectual property rights, land use rights, equity, and creditor's rights; however, property that is prohibited from being used as capital contributions by laws and administrative regulations shall be excluded."

 

Article 98, paragraph 2, of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "The capital contributions of the promoters shall be subject to the provisions of Article 48 and Paragraph 2 of Article 49 of this Law regarding the capital contributions of shareholders of limited liability companies."

 

Limited liability companies adopt a limited-term paid-in system, and joint-stock limited companies adopt a paid-in system. The above provisions allow shareholders of the two types of companies to have more choices of property that can be used as capital contributions when making capital contributions. However, the non-monetary property contributed by company shareholders in the form of equity and creditor's rights shall be subject to strict evaluation procedures and corresponding transfer and rights transfer procedures before the capital contribution is legal and effective.

 

13. If a company shareholder fails to pay the registered capital, it may lose its rights or be liable for compensation to the company.

 

Article 52 of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "If a shareholder fails to pay capital contributions by the date of contribution stipulated in the company's articles of association, and the company issues a written reminder to pay capital contributions in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph 1 of the preceding article, it may specify a grace period for paying capital contributions; the grace period shall not be less than sixty days from the date on which the company issues the reminder. If the shareholder still fails to fulfill the obligation of capital contribution upon the expiration of the grace period, the company may issue a notice of forfeiture to the shareholder upon a resolution of the board of directors, and the notice shall be issued in writing. From the date of issuance of the notice, the shareholder shall lose the equity for which he has not paid the capital contribution."

 

Article 49, paragraph 3, of the revised Company Law of 2023 stipulates: "If a shareholder fails to pay the capital contribution in full on time, in addition to paying the full amount to the company, he shall also be liable for compensation for the losses caused to the company."

 

Article 107 of the revised Company Law of 2023 stipulates: "The provisions of Articles 44, 49 paragraph 3, 51, 52, and 53 of this Law shall apply to joint stock limited companies."

 

The provisions on the loss of rights of shareholders are new content in the revised Company Law of 2023. Regarding the responsibilities of shareholders who have not actually paid their capital contributions, the pre-revision Company Law stipulated that if a shareholder fails to pay the capital contribution in full on time, in addition to paying the full amount to the company, he shall also be liable to the shareholders who have paid the capital contribution in full for breach of contract, while the revised Company Law stipulates that shareholders who fail to pay the capital contribution in full on time shall be liable for compensation for the losses caused to the company.

 

The above-mentioned two new regulations have increased the binding force on the behavior of shareholders' untrue capital contributions, which helps to urge shareholders to pay capital contributions in a timely manner, protect the interests of the company and creditors, and also give the right of relief to shareholders who have lost their rights, so as to avoid abusing the system of loss of rights to damage the interests of shareholders.

 

14. If a shareholder of a company withdraws capital contributions, the withdrawn capital contributions shall be returned, and compensation shall be paid for the losses caused to the company.

 

Article 53 of the revised Company Law of 2023 stipulates: "After the establishment of the company, shareholders shall not withdraw their capital contributions. If a shareholder violates the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the shareholder shall return the withdrawn capital contribution; if losses are caused to the company, the directors, supervisors, and senior managers who are responsible shall be jointly and severally liable for compensation with the shareholder."

 

Article 107 of the revised Company Law of 2023 stipulates: "The provisions of Articles 44, 49 paragraph 3, 51, 52, and 53 of this Law shall apply to joint stock limited companies."

 

The above-mentioned new regulations further clarify the legal responsibility of shareholders for withdrawing capital contributions.

 

15. The shareholders' meeting of the company deleted the two powers of "deciding on the company's business policy and investment plan" and "reviewing and approving the company's annual financial budget plan and final accounts plan", and added that the shareholders' meeting may authorize the board of directors to make resolutions on issuing company bonds.

 

Article 59, paragraph 1, of the revised Company Law of 2023 stipulates: "The shareholders' meeting shall exercise the following powers: (1) electing and replacing directors and supervisors, and deciding on matters relating to the remuneration of directors and supervisors; (2) reviewing and approving the reports of the board of directors; (3) reviewing and approving the reports of the board of supervisors; (4) reviewing and approving the company's profit distribution plan and loss recovery plan; (5) making resolutions on increasing or decreasing the registered capital of the company; (6) making resolutions on issuing company bonds; (7) making resolutions on the merger, division, dissolution, liquidation or change of the company's form; (8) amending the company's articles of association; (9) other powers stipulated in the company's articles of association.", paragraph 2 stipulates: "The shareholders' meeting may authorize the board of directors to make resolutions on issuing company bonds."

 

Article 112 of the revised Company Law of 2023 stipulates: "The provisions of Article 59, paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Law regarding the powers of the shareholders' meeting of a limited liability company shall apply to the shareholders' meeting of a joint stock limited company."

 

The above two important amendments are indispensable contents for the company to amend its articles of association. At the same time, it should be noted that "deciding on the company's business policy and investment plan" is still the power of the board of directors.

 

16. The shareholders' meeting of the company may resolve to remove directors without cause.

 

Article 71, paragraph 1, of the revised Company Law of 2023 stipulates: "The shareholders' meeting may resolve to remove directors, and the removal shall take effect on the date the resolution is made. If a director is removed before the expiration of his term of office without justified reasons, the director may request the company to compensate him."

 

Article 120, paragraph 2, of the revised Company Law of 2023 stipulates: "The provisions of Articles 67, 68 paragraph 1, 70, and 71 of this Law shall apply to joint stock limited companies."

 

The shareholders' meeting does not need any reason to resolve to remove directors, but if the removal is made without justified reasons, it will increase the risk of the company bearing compensation liability.

 

17. Shareholders of a company may request the company to repurchase equity or shares under certain conditions.

 

Article 89 of the revised Company Law of 2023 stipulates: "Under any of the following circumstances, a shareholder who votes against the resolution of the shareholders' meeting may request the company to acquire his equity at a reasonable price: .... If the shareholder and the company fail to reach an equity acquisition agreement within 60 days from the date of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting, the shareholder may file a lawsuit with the people's court within 90 days from the date of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting. If the controlling shareholder of the company abuses shareholder rights and seriously damages the interests of the company or other shareholders, other shareholders have the right to request the company to acquire their equity at a reasonable price. The company shall transfer or cancel the company's equity acquired due to the circumstances stipulated in paragraphs 1 and 3 of this Article within six months in accordance with the law."

 

Article 161 of the revised Company Law of 2023 stipulates: "Under any of the following circumstances, a shareholder who votes against the resolution of the shareholders' meeting may request the company to acquire his shares at a reasonable price, except for companies that publicly issue shares: .... If the shareholder and the company fail to reach a share acquisition agreement within 60 days from the date of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting, the shareholder may file a lawsuit with the people's court within 90 days from the date of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting. The company shall transfer or cancel the company's shares acquired due to the circumstances stipulated in paragraph 1 of this Article within six months in accordance with the law."

 

For limited liability companies, it is newly added that if the controlling shareholder of a limited liability company damages the interests of other shareholders, the other shareholders will have the right to require the company to repurchase equity, and it should be transferred or canceled within six months in accordance with the law. In response to the abuse of rights by major shareholders, it provides a way for small and medium-sized shareholders to withdraw from the company, which is conducive to strengthening the protection of small and medium-sized shareholders and providing more solutions for resolving company stalemates.

 

For joint stock limited companies that do not publicly issue shares, the right of dissenting shareholders to request repurchase is newly granted.

 

Regarding the disposal method of repurchase, limited liability companies and joint stock limited companies uniformly stipulate that the company shall transfer or cancel the equity or shares acquired within six months after the acquisition.

 

18. If the controlling shareholder of a company does not serve as a director of the company but actually performs the company's affairs, he will owe a fiduciary duty to the company, and the controlling shareholder who instructs directors and senior managers to damage the interests of the company or shareholders will bear joint and several liability.

 

Article 180 of the revised Company Law of 2023 stipulates: "Directors, supervisors, and senior managers owe a fiduciary duty to the company, and shall take measures to avoid conflicts between their own interests and the company's interests, and shall not use their powers to seek illegitimate benefits. Directors, supervisors, and senior managers owe a duty of diligence to the company, and shall exercise reasonable care that managers should generally have for the best interests of the company in performing their duties. The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs shall apply to the controlling shareholder and actual controller of the company who do not serve as directors of the company but actually perform the company's affairs."

 

Article 192 of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "If the controlling shareholder or actual controller of the company instructs the directors or senior managers to engage in acts that damage the interests of the company or shareholders, they shall be jointly and severally liable with the director or senior manager."

 

Paragraph 2 of Article 265 of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "The meanings of the following terms in this Law: (II) Controlling shareholder refers to a shareholder whose capital contribution accounts for more than 50 percent of the total capital of a limited liability company or whose shares held account for more than 50 percent of the total share capital of a joint stock limited company; although the proportion of capital contribution or shares held is less than 50 percent, the voting rights enjoyed by its capital contribution or shares held are sufficient to have a significant impact on the resolutions of the shareholders' meeting."

 

This is a new regulation, the controlling shareholder of the company cannot do whatever they want, otherwise they will bear legal responsibility.

 

19. Company shareholders will have the right to file lawsuits in their own name against directors, supervisors, and senior managers of the company's wholly-owned subsidiaries.

 

Paragraph 4 of Article 189 of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "If the directors, supervisors, and senior managers of the company's wholly-owned subsidiary have the circumstances stipulated in the preceding article, or others infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of the company's wholly-owned subsidiary and cause losses, the shareholders of the limited liability company or the shareholders of the joint stock limited company who individually or collectively hold more than 1% of the company's shares for more than 180 consecutive days may request the supervisory board or board of directors of the wholly-owned subsidiary to file a lawsuit with the people's court or directly file a lawsuit with the people's court in their own name in accordance with the provisions of the preceding three paragraphs."

 

This is a new regulation, the company's shareholders also have the right to protect their rights and interests in the company's foreign investment.

 

20. The company's shareholders will be able to entrust intermediary organizations such as law firms to access the company's accounting vouchers and access and copy relevant materials of wholly-owned subsidiaries.

 

Paragraph 2 of Article 57 of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "Shareholders may request to access the company's accounting books and accounting vouchers. If a shareholder requests to access the company's accounting books and accounting vouchers, they shall submit a written request to the company stating the purpose. If the company has reasonable grounds to believe that the shareholder's access to the accounting books and accounting vouchers has improper purposes and may damage the company's legitimate interests, it may refuse to provide access and shall reply to the shareholder in writing within 15 days from the date of the shareholder's written request and explain the reasons. If the company refuses to provide access, the shareholder may file a lawsuit with the people's court.", Paragraph 3 stipulates: "Shareholders may entrust intermediary organizations such as accounting firms and law firms to access the materials stipulated in the preceding paragraph.", Paragraph 4 stipulates: "The provisions of the preceding four paragraphs shall apply to shareholders' requests to access and copy relevant materials of the company's wholly-owned subsidiaries."

 

Paragraph 2 of Article 110 of the revised "Company Law" in 2023 stipulates: "If shareholders who individually or collectively hold more than 3% of the company's shares for more than 180 consecutive days request to access the company's accounting books and accounting vouchers, the provisions of Paragraph 2, Paragraph 3, and Paragraph 4 of Article 57 of this Law shall apply. If the company's articles of association have lower provisions on the shareholding ratio, those provisions shall prevail.", Paragraph 3 stipulates: "The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs shall apply to shareholders' requests to access and copy relevant materials of the company's wholly-owned subsidiaries."

 

Shareholders of limited liability companies and joint stock limited companies can request to access accounting books and accounting vouchers, and access and copy relevant materials of the company's wholly-owned subsidiaries under certain conditions. The above materials are professional and complex. It is recommended that shareholders hire professional intermediary organizations such as law firms to access and copy them to ensure the authenticity and completeness of the materials accessed.

 

Author's Profile

 

Xu Xiaoye, female, Master of Laws from Guangxi Normal University, partner of Guangxi Tongwang Law Firm, member of the Corporate Law Professional Committee of Guangxi Lawyers Association, rated as a corporate law professional lawyer by Guangxi Lawyers Association, station lawyer of the Public Security Police Legal Service Center Workstation of Guangxi Police Association, and lawyer of Guangxi High-Quality Farmers Training Legal Service Base.

 

Xu Xiaoye focuses on corporate governance, investment and financing, contracts, equity, mergers and acquisitions, due diligence, and civil and commercial litigation. She has served as or currently serves as a legal advisor to many banks, state-owned enterprises, and large enterprises. She has provided clients with special legal services such as due diligence, equity transfer, and mergers and acquisitions for many times. She is also good at analyzing various legal relationships from the perspective of litigation and can effectively help clients gain a favorable position in the litigation process. With nearly ten years of practice experience and rich practical experience, Xu Xiaoye is good at providing clients with professional customized solutions for various problems in investment and financing, corporate governance, mergers and acquisitions, and civil and commercial litigation.